The food supply (agricultural production) should be diversified enough to support healthy and be diversified diets

Food away from home is becoming more important In HCES 2011, urban areas: 16% of food budget on food eaten away from home for richest quintile, one-quarter of food expenditures Implication for the foodservice sector 

Irrigation is shown to have a strong effect on household's economic access to food and on nutritional outcomes of women and children. As such, it needs to be promoted on its merit to improve nutrition, in addition to its potential for higher income and yield. But potential adverse impacts (pollution and water shortages) need to be monitored

NIPN's objective is to provide decision-makers with timely information which can guide the policy process for improved nutrition outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, NIPN has been seeking innovative ways to inform decision-makers, by tapping into its existing partnerships and by taking advantage of webinars to reach a large audience.

The highly skewed crop portfolio of irrigation in parts of Ethiopia toward chat (up to a third of irrigated plots in the study area) needs more attention from policy makers and researchers on its impact on nutritional outcomes and its high water requirement

Considerable reduction in stunting rates since 2000. One of the fastest reductions in the world little improvement in average birth sizes; 20% are born stunted, calls for focus on maternal health and nutrition In 2016, growth faltering occurs later likely due to improvement in exclusive breastfeeding practices.
 

Develop a research agenda based on identified knowledge gaps At country level push this research agenda:  drive the research and not the reverse Keep track of research Organise data storage and demand condition for ethical clearance and committee with EPHI. Organise peer reviews of research protocols before submission to the EC.    

Reducing undernutrition is of intrinsic and instrumental value Reducing chronic undernutrition requires investments in nutrition-sensitive social protection and agriculture Existing evidence from Ethiopia and elsewhere indicates that just providing cash or food has limited effects on chronic undernutrition

Empirical evidence linking ASFs to child growth is varied Handful of ASF interventions do find sizeable growth impacts Nutrition-sensitive livestock interventions also sometimes show signs of impact, but typically also use behavioral interventions Observational studies link growth to livestock ownership (East Africa) Historical studies link adult heights to ASF consumption patterns